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Pakistan–United States relations
Pakistan–United States relations refers to the international, historical, and cultural bilateral relationship between the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and the United States of America. On 20 October 1947, two months and six days after independence from Great Britain, the United States established relations with Pakistan, making it amongst the first nations to establish relations with the new state. Pakistan allied itself with the U.S. during the Cold war era against the USSR, and was an integral in the anti-Soviet CENTO and SEATO organizations.
Pakistan also played a crucial role in arranging the 1972 Nixon visit to China which led to normalization of ties between the two countries. Despite a worsening of relations following the election of the left-oriented Pakistan Peoples Party under Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, relations quickly improved and deepened during Operation Cyclone in the 1980s, which was directed against Soviet expansion in Central Asia and South Asia by funding and training Muslim fundamentalists to combat the Soviet Union. Relations once again soured after the Collapse of Soviet Union, when the United States approved sanctions against Pakistan by passing the Pressler amendment, which was enacted against Pakistan for its nuclear weapons program, which was initiated after India detonated a nuclear device in 1974. Pakistan once again assumed an important role in American geopolitical interests in the region following the attacks of September 11th, 2001, and the subsequent War on Terror. Relations were strengthened as the United States named Pakistan as a Major non-NATO ally in 2002 - which allowed for the release of over twenty billion dollars of aid to Pakistan.〔http://www.southasiaanalysis.org/papers10/paper959.html〕 American recovery efforts following the 2005 Kashmir earthquake were widely appreciated by the Pakistani public.
Relations began to strain as both sides began to criticize one another's strategy in the War on Terror, with the United States government frequently accusing Pakistan of harboring members of the Afghan Taliban and Quetta Shura, while Pakistan has alleged that the United States has done little to control security in Kunar Province of Afghanistan, where Pakistan's most-wanted terrorist, Mullah Fazlullah is believed to be hiding. Furthermore, as a result of the Lahore incident and the black operation in the country which killed the al-Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden, followed by the Salala incident, relations between the two countries have become increasingly strained in recent years, with high levels of anti-Americanism. Pakistan frequently ranks America one of its least favored countries, and vice versa. In 2015, according to Gallup's annual World Affairs survey, only 15% of Americans have a favorable view of Pakistan.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Canada, Great Britain Are Americans' Most Favored Nations ) ''Gallup''〕
The United States today provides extensive economic, scientific, and military assistance to Pakistan, while Pakistan continues to occupy a strategic position in the United States' interests in Central and South Asia. The United States is the second-largest supplier of military equipment to Pakistan after China, and is Pakistan's most generous donor of foreign aid
==Relations During the Cold War Era==
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